Castro Marim

Transfer of Possession

(No Date / Date Issue) Site held by the Phoenicians and used for maritime commercial activity (1000 BCE to 854 BCE)

Transfer of Possession

(Date Issue) From the late 4th century BCE the site was held by the Carthaginians (375 BCE)

Transfer of Possession

(Date Issue) Site held by Greeks as of 854 BCE and used for maritime commercial activity

03/14/1319

Transfer of Possession

Just prior to the papal bull terminating the Order of the Templars, Dinis I of Portugal donated Castro Marim to the Military Order of Christ, who established their first headquarters there

1357

Transfer of Possession

The Order of the Templars moved their headquarters to Tomar, significantly decreasing the importance and population of Castro Marim. The domains of Castro Marim were then handed over to the Order of Santiago

Reconstruction Date

(Date Issue) As trading with Greek cities intensifies between the 5th and 3rd centuries BCE, more defensive structures are added to the area (500 BCE -201 BCE)

Date of Known Existance

(Date Issue) Earliest human occupation of the site dates to the end of the Bronze Age (1300–700 BCE)

Reconstruction Date

(Date Issue) Following the Roman Conquest in the 2nd century BCE, defensive structures were rebuilt and the site was resettled (200 BCE - 101 BCE)

Destruction Date

(Date Issue) Shortly before the Roman conquest in the 2nd century BCE, an earthquake destroyed the village (200 BCE - 101 BCE)

Original Construction Date

Oldest defensive walls date to the 8th century BCE (800 BCE - 701 BCE)

800 - 12/31/1199

Reconstruction Date

Between the 9th and the 13th centuries, Muslim inhabitants built a castle with a square plan and semicircular towers at its vertices

07/08/1277 - 07/08/1277

Reconstruction Date

Afonso III grants Castro Marim a charter for reconstruction and resettlement

07/01/1279

Reconstruction Date

Dinis I of Portugal authorizes further reconstruction of the castle

1303

Reconstruction Date

Dinis I orders the reinforcement of Castro Marim and the construction of a Barbican

1357

Reconstruction Date

Between 1357 and 1417, another period of construction occurred that included the construction of the Church of Santiago

08/20/1504

Reconstruction Date

Manuel I of Portugal grants Castro Marim the Foral Novo and orders the repair of the defenses

Roman Conquest

(Date Issue) Roman conquest occurred in the 2nd century BCE (200 BCE - 101 BCE)

410

Other Conquest

(No Date) Site taken by Vandals

700 - 12/31/0800

Muslim Conquest

During the 8th century, the site was taken by Muslim forces

1242 - 12/31/1242

Christian Reconquest

The forces of Sancho II and the Order of Santiago, led by the Master of the Order D. Paio Peres Correia, conquered Castro Marim

07/08/1277 - 07/08/1277

Charter

Afonso III grants Castro Marim a charter for reconstruction and resettlement

05/01/1282

Charter

Dinis I of Portugal confirms and extends the charter of Castro Marim

04/10/1421

Charter

João I of Portugal grants Castro Maria a charter and institutes the "couto privilege for 40 homiziados"

1485

Charter

João II of Portugal confirms the couto letter

1495

Charter

Manuel I of Portugal confirms the couto letter

08/20/1504

Foral Novo Charter

Manuel I of Portugal grants Castro Marim the Foral Novo and orders the repair of the defenses